Smart City refers to the use of various information technologies or innovative ideas to integrate the constituent systems and services of the city to improve the efficiency of resource utilization, optimize urban management and services, and improve the quality of life of citizens. The smart city makes full use of the new generation of information technology in all walks of life in the city. It is an advanced form of urban informatization based on the next generation of innovation (Innovation 2.0) in the knowledge society. The deep integration of informatization, industrialization and urbanization will help alleviate the "big city disease", improve the quality of urbanization, achieve fine and dynamic management, and improve the effectiveness of urban management and improve the quality of life of citizens. The specific definition of smart city is relatively broad. At present, it is widely accepted internationally that smart city is an urban form under the support of the new generation of information technology and the next generation of innovation (innovation 2.0) environment of the knowledge society. It emphasizes that smart city is not only the application of the new generation of information technology such as the Internet of Things and cloud computing, but more importantly, it is to build user innovation An urban sustainable innovation ecosystem characterized by open innovation, mass innovation and collaborative innovation.
Smart cities promote sustainable economic growth and high quality of life through investment in human and social capital, as well as in transportation and information and communication infrastructure, and scientifically manage the above resources and natural resources through participatory management. Some leading cities in the construction of smart cities also increasingly highlight people-oriented sustainable innovation. For example, the European Union launched the Living Lab plan for knowledge society innovation 2.0, which is committed to building the city into an open innovation space for all parties to participate in around the needs of citizens. For example, the six indicators of the evaluation of the urban system by the University of Vienna, namely, smart economy, smart transportation, smart environment, smart residents Six aspects of intelligent life and intelligent management. [1] At present, the construction of smart cities is a hot issue in the fields of information technology and urban planning.
Integration of four networks and four streams
In 2021, Chen Qingquan led the release of the White Paper on Four Networks and Four Streams, which is based on digital technology to further promote the digital economy. Because of digital technology, we can integrate energy network, information network and transportation network, and we can integrate energy flow, information flow and material flow.
Through integration, Chen Qingquan linked the three revolutions, namely the integration of the automobile revolution, the energy revolution and the information revolution. Its core is people, machines and things. People are the human world, machines are the computer or information world, and things are physical systems. Through the integration of people, machines and things, intelligence is generated. When intelligence is used in energy, it becomes smart energy. When intelligence is used in transportation, it is smart transportation. When intelligence is used in cities, it is smart cities.
How to generate intelligence? From data to information through data twins, information produces knowledge through fusion twins, and knowledge generates intelligence through cognitive twins. The role of the human world is very important. We should integrate the human world, the information world and the physical world. Through digital twinning, we can see the things of the physical world in the information world. But this is not enough. We need to further integrate twins and turn information into knowledge with the help of the human world. This is not enough. We should continue to turn knowledge into intelligence through the help of the human world and the cognitive twin. The meaning of generating intelligence is to change disorder into order, which can produce better economic and environmental benefits.
"This is also the use of entropy theory. Through entropy theory, we can understand the relationship between energy and information. This is the development of the theory of entropy by scientists of all ages. The so-called entropy is to see whether the system is orderly or disordered. If the system is disordered, entropy will increase; if the system is orderly, entropy will decrease. Through intelligence, we can turn the original disordered system into orderly, which can achieve better economic benefits and Environmental benefits "said Chen Qingquan.
Four networks and four streams can promote the digital economy in an all-round way, because the social energy network is just the integration of energy network and information network, and the social car network is the combination of energy network, transportation network and information network. Chen Qingquan proposed to add the humanities network. It is reported that the so-called Humanities Network is advanced thought, advanced policy, advanced play and advanced experience. Chen Qingquan believes that the humanities network is the superstructure, while the energy network, the information network and the transportation network are the economic foundation. Through the interaction between the humanities network and the information network, the energy network and the transportation network, that is, the superstructure and the economic foundation, we can achieve better economic and environmental effects, and can promote the industrial revolution.
"In the last century, we focused on the progress of the physical world. At the beginning of this century, we focused on the development of the network information world and the renaissance of digitalization. The network information world has created new value, improved our productivity and changed our interpersonal relationships. However, we should further subversive thinking, deeply integrate the physical world, the information world and the human world, and effectively transform data into information Information is transformed into knowledge, knowledge into intelligence, and complex problems are solved. In the real world, technology alone cannot solve complex problems and meet new challenges. We must deeply integrate the human world, the physical world and the information world ", Chen Qingquan concluded.
